Sunday, May 10, 2020
The Issue Concerning The Ownership Of General Knowledge By...
Vincent Allard English 10th Ms. Rachuy 05/05/2016 The Issue Concerning the Ownership of General knowledge by Copyright, Trademarks, and Patents. Copyrights, Trademarks, and Patents have too much overreaching and unmonitored power of subjects that could be considered as general knowledge from the public and that we need new laws to help monitor and protect others rights. In the modern age the internet has become a daily part of our lives and yet some people claim rights to things that we as people should all have rights to. There has been some recent controversy concerning React World and there Trademark of there video format known as the react format and the issue with the happy birthday song and how you must pay just to sing a jingle. Out of the several billions and billions of people on the planet earth that was living, is living, or will be living there are still some that believe that for some reason they have more rights and more power than the rest of us and that is inconsiderate, inhumane, and unjust. With technology constantly improving each and every day and the ever expanding use and acceptance of these technologies we as a people have no laws set to prevent the total monopolization of these devices. ââ¬Å"More than 500,000 copyright are made each year claims each yearâ⬠(U.S. Copyright Office) as said by U.S. copyright office and more than 629,647 patients being submitted each year according to U.S. Patent And Trademark Office. With such a substantial amount ofShow MoreRelatedInventions Of The United States1777 Words à |à 8 Pagesastonishing. Inventions like: the cotton gin, batteries, cupcakes, crackers, gas turbine, and bicycles are just a few inventions that were created during this time period. Donalad W. Banner, U.S. Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks, wrote The Book of Knowledge where he explained that before the patent was created inventors had been trying to get a way to protect their work under the Articles of Confederation. They applied to state legislatu res to obtain monopolies on the use of their inventions, but ââ¬Å"ArticleRead MoreAn Introduction to the Law and Economics of Intellectual Property12472 Words à |à 50 Pagesto authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writing and discoveries. Under this general grant, the Congress has enacted a number of statutes, including the Copyright Act [17 U.S.C.A. Sec. 101-810], the Patent Act [35 U.S.C.A. Sec. 1-376], and the Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984 [17 U.S.C.A. Sec. 901-914]. In addition, the federal government has enacted the Trademark Act of 1946 (Lanham Act) as amended [15 U.S.C.A. Sec. 1051-1127] and there is state law regulationRead MoreDefining The Organization s Strategic Direction Essay2870 Words à |à 12 Pagesthat are not considered as competitors, but fulfill a strategically equivalent role for the customer. 7. Stake holder ââ¬â any entity that has an interest (state) in the organization 8. Tacit Resources ââ¬â resources of an intangible nature (such as knowledge) that cannot ne readily confided. 9. Socially complex resources ââ¬â resources or activities that emerge through the interaction of multiple individuals. 10. Casual ambiguity ââ¬â the relationship between a resource and the outcome it produces is poorlyRead MoreCopyright Protection on Internet9657 Words à |à 39 PagesLEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS COPYRIGHT PROTECTION ON INTERNET (08BS0001781) SECTION-F Contents {text:bookmark-start} INTRODUCTION {text:bookmark-end} {text:bookmark-start} 1.1 About Intellectual Property [1] {text:bookmark-end} It is not material wants that seek ownership, but the ideas, skills and moral aspirations need equal protection. It refers to creations of the mind: inventions, literary and artistic works, symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce. Read MoreBusiness Law Summary7817 Words à |à 32 Pagesà exchangeà andà protectionà à 3.3à valueà managementà Examplesà ofà usingà theà positiveà regulatoryà environmentà toà create,à exchangeà andà protectà valueà inà bothà strategicà andà operationalà decisionà making:à i)à toolsà toà createà valueà suchà asà patentsà andà tradeà markà rightsà ii)à toolsà toà exchangeà valueà suchà asà theà transferà ofà ownershipà andà contractsà iii)à toolsà toà protectà valueà suchà asà anà infrastructureà withà proceduralà rulesà andà courtsà toà enforceà andà protectà rightsà againstà infringementsà à à 3à 3.4à riskà managementà Aà riskà ââ¬âà theà measurableRead More Use of Generalist Fair Use Defence in Australian Intellectual Property Law4952 Words à |à 20 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The objective of the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) is to protect those who create works, such as artistic works or literary works, as well as those other subject matter, such as films or sounds recordings, from those who would serve to exploit or profit from their labor, skill and creativity. But, what about those who use these protected works and other subject matter for interests different to the above? Such as for educational purposes or for broadcasting? Under the act, there areRead MoreBusiness and Consumer Law17552 Words à |à 71 Pagesif called upon to do so Legal Factors in Their Business Context: Creating the Contract Most contracts begin with communication, usually informal contact between individuals in different businesses who recognise mutual needs or general inquiry made to a supplier concerning price and availability of materials Objective standard test: test based on how a reasonable person would view the matter Equal bargaining power: legal assumption that parties to a contract are able to look out for their own interestsRead MoreBusiness Ethics Notes3727 Words à |à 15 PagesBusiness ethics can be both a normative) and a descriptive discipline. As a corporate practice and a career specialization, the field is primarily normative. In academia descriptive approaches are also taken. The range and quantity of business ethical issues reflects the degree to which business is perceived to be at odds with non-economic social values. Historically, interest in business ethics accelerated dramatically during the 1980s and 1990s, both within major corporations and within academia. ForRead MoreWto and Its Impact on Indian Economy11045 Words à |à 45 PagesWTO AND IMPACT ON INDIAN INDUSTRY INTRODUCTION India is a founder member of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1947 and its successor, the World Trade Organization (WTO), which came into effect on 1.1.95 after the conclusion of the Uruguay Round (UR) of Multilateral Trade Negotiations. Indiaââ¬â¢s participation in an increasingly rule based system in the governance of international trade is to ensure more stability and predictability, which ultimately would lead to more trade and prosperityRead MoreHuman factors and cyber policy4873 Words à |à 20 PagesTable of Content IntroductionCopyright, threats and ownership of intellectual property -Important Security Issues -Recommended Policy Controls -How/Why Human Factors Influence Policy Meta-Data collected and used by the Private sector and Public sector -Important Security Issues -Recommended Policy Controls -How/Why Human Factors Influence Policy Zero Day Exploits employed for economic or military advantage -Important Security Issues -Recommended Policy Controls -How/Why Human Factors
Friday, May 8, 2020
College Essay Question - Are You Writing A College Essay With First Person Pronouns?
College Essay Question - Are You Writing A College Essay With First Person Pronouns?When writing a college essay, you may come across a question on the use of first person singular pronouns. This question is: 'What is a legitimate use of first person singular pronouns in the context of writing an essay? What is acceptable?' The short answer is that, in general, in the essay you are writing, the third person plural pronouns, such as 'I'you', are acceptable.In the context of a sentence, these pronouns are acceptable because in the first person singular, a person is referred to by name. It is as simple as that. However, there are some things that will require you to be a little more specific. In order to keep the essay flowing properly, it is good to know that all the proper pronouns are acceptable.In most cases, a college essay question can be treated as a challenge, an exercise in writing. The problem with this is that, unless the college student knows what they are doing, they are li kely to run into problems along the way. If the writer of the question, and the answer that is given in the question, have a misunderstanding or are just plain confused, then the results will not be satisfactory for either the reader or the writer.In addition to the introduction, a college essay question is likely to contain several sentences that are meant to illustrate points about the question or the essay itself. In order to do this effectively, the words must be carefully chosen and used correctly. The writer will want to use proper pronouns, and they should be carefully chosen so that they are clearly defined within the entire piece.For starters, there are three basic rules of writing. There are no pronouns that should be used in all three of those sentences, or in any other three sentences for that matter. For example, when you write about people, you would use 'I'You' instead of 'he', 'she', or 'they.'In order to avoid confusion, you also should use proper pronouns for your main character, as well as your pronouns for any other person, when using a single person singular, singular third person, or plural in the same sentence. If you are writing about animals, they should not be referred to as 'he', 'she', or 'they'. 'Their' is acceptable.One very common essay question, is 'What is a legitimate use of first person singular pronouns in the context of writing an essay?' This question comes from an established practice of writing essays on a topic. While you may be able to find some examples of this type of essay, and be able to write your own, you should have the necessary information and knowledge to answer this type of question in general.In general, if you feel you need to write an essay about a subject of some kind, you should be able to tell your readers that you are discussing the subject using first person singular pronouns, 'I', 'You', 'he', 'she', or 'they.' Even if you are using a plural word, or a pronoun, as the subject of the sentence, that i s acceptable. If you don't feel you are up to that task, you may still decide to write a piece using the correct pronouns, but you should also be able to point out that you are writing about the subject using the proper pronouns.
Term Papers in Canada - Writes Quickly and Easily
Term Papers in Canada - Writes Quickly and EasilyYou will find term papers in Canada are very useful and easy to handle. It is not necessary to struggle with difficult words when you send a term paper for grad school. With these terms, your word processing is already built in for your organization.With your computer in the classroom setting, it is easier for you to write. In the office, the computer is almost like a boss to write or edit. In the classroom, you will find your education free.You might also benefit from financial aid for grad school by submitting these terms for financial aid. The problem is, most people do not have the time or experience to prepare for these financial assistance courses. Online courses will cover the process of submitting these forms for this category of loans.When we get off to a bad start, it is the job of the assignment that is the most important part of the academic environment. With those terms, you will easily submit those papers. They help you t o write quickly and easily. You should be able to write in front of your own computer screen, because it is always better to write something you can answer when asked the question.With these terms, your computer will automatically ask you to write what you know. It is not surprising that you will have the most important papers prepared for your lecture. This will help you in knowing what is expected of you at your upcoming lectures.There are many different types of terms for grad school in Canada, including TESOL (teaching English as a Second Language), TEP (Teacher Education Program), TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language), and other terms that are similar to TESOL. The important thing is that they have the same goal of helping students prepare for the future. Whether you have a Master's degree or you are in the early stages of studying for a Bachelor's degree, these will prepare you for the challenges ahead.If you do not know how to use your computer for your paper, you sho uld take advantage of the fact that term papers are created for all kinds of grad school assignments. You can use them for any paper that you would like to write for any purpose.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Market Research for Entry of Kellogs Nutribar Free Essays
Defining the research problem: MID: Develop market entry strategy for Kellogg nutria by studying consumer behavior towards unnatural Determine product features, pricing, SKU (small and big packet) and postulating Sub problems: Sub Problem: to understand the relationship between the Kellogg brand and the consumer Research Questions: 1 . What does the customer, identify the Kellogg brand with? 2. What is the demographic profile of the Kellogg consumer? Sub Problems: to understand consumer preferences about nutrias and canvasbacks Research Questions: 1 . We will write a custom essay sample on Market Research for Entry of Kellogs Nutribar or any similar topic only for you Order Now What is the extent of customer knowledge about nutrias? 2. What are the major usage patterns of nutrias and canvasbacks? 3. Which attribute of canvasbacks do consumers dislike? 4. Who Influences the customers buying decision? 5. What would be the recommended price-point for the Kellogg nutria? 6. Is the unnatural considered an Indulgence? Research Design The product under consideration Is Kellogg Unnatural. We have Identified the target segment to be young children between age groups 6-15. We have positioned it to be a delicious and healthy, nutrient filled snapback. After conducting a secondary search the following parameters are identified The main problems which are identified for the research are 0 to understand the relationship between the Kellogg brand and the consumer 0 to understand consumer preferences about nutrias. We have designed a necessary questionnaire for conducting a cross sectional survey and found that proportionate stratified sampling will be apt to get the necessary consumer Insights. Sampling Design There are many methods of sampling when doing research. We have to choose the most Ideal sampling method giving us the maximum probability of getting the results hat are needed to develop the best entry strategy. Proportionate stratified sampling will be carried out giving due weight to the various age-groupsââ¬â¢ representation in the Indian population. This will be conducted, ideally, at an urban/semi-urban geography. Simple random sampling, which is the most ideal, is seldom used since the luxury of time or money to access a whole population is hardly ever available. Hence, Stratified Sampling is the sampling method that should be implemented. The survey will be an anonymous one, with no mention of gender or name. This will not affect results, hunger being universal. Appropriate weight will be given to all age-groups In the survey, In line with their representation In the Indian population. Insights from exploratory research Market research was carried out at xx, and a sample size of 50 respondents was obtained. xx was chosen on account of it containing urban and semi-urban areas anonymous survey and respondent gender profiles werenââ¬â¢t considered. The profiles of these respondents were chosen so as to meet the requirements of Proportionate Stratified Sampling. A number of insights were obtained from this exploratory market research survey. They are: The young age groups wanted taste benefits from any eatable product and the old and middleware age groups were more in favor of the health benefits of eatables 0 As long as the consumers believe they are getting value-for-money, price of the product is not a big issue 0 Consumer awareness about nutrias is significant, but much distance remains to be covered. The advent of the internet and social media have impacted youngster awareness, with it being significantly higher than the mean 0 Nutrias are largely perceived as snack bars that are healthy by the majority of consumers Data analysis The data was obtained from a sample size of 50 respondents, done via proportionate stratified sampling. Data was analyzed in an MS ââ¬â Excel Workbook, using basic Excel tools. Demographics of the respondents were analyzed and the results are: Age-wise: Age Group 6-15: 24% Age Group 16-29: 24% Age Group 30-59: 38% Age Group 60 above: 14% Secondary Research Extensive secondary research was carried out using the internet and the main findings were that user economic status didnââ¬â¢t really matter, with the barââ¬â¢s relatively low perception. To parents, health benefits were more important. To their children, it was taste. We have selected the middle-class and above as our serve sample group, the product being perceived as an indulgence and the poor having no money to buy it. We extrapolated, from their U. S pricing that Kellogg could supply nutrias in India at the price points RSI 10 20, which are psychologically important. Final recommendations findings Findings: 0 Residents of the age groups 6-15 and 16-29 gave higher importance to taste (in decreasing order) 0 Residents of the age groups 30-59 and 60 above gave higher importance to health benefits 0 The Kellogg brand is identified with healthy breakfast cereal by he customer 0 The average demographic profile of the Kellogg consumer is that if the age groups 6-15 and 16-29 0 These two age groups have the most knowledge about nutrias. They can accurately distinguish them from similar canvasbacks 0 Nutrias are largely considered an indulgence, hence they arenââ¬â¢t consumed frequently, with most consumers having them at most once-a-week 0 By contrast. Canvasbacks are consumed regularly by the 6-15 age-group. Here, smaller SKU sizes are prevalent, egg: RSI 5 and RSI 10 0 The major attribute of canvasbacks disliked is their unhealthy nature. How to cite Market Research for Entry of Kellogs Nutribar, Essays
Wednesday, April 29, 2020
The Effects Of Sin Essays - English-language Films,
The Effects Of Sin The Effects of Sin But a lie is never good, even though death threatens on the other side (The Scarlet Letter). Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter, is a story that illustrates intricate pieces of the Puritan lifestyle. Lying of course was considered a tremendous sin in the eyes of the Puritans. Centered first on a sin committed by Hester Prynne and her secret lover before the story ever begins the novel details how sin affects the lives of the people involved. For Hester, the sin forces her into isolation from society and even from herself. Of the three main characters affected, Hester has the easiest time because her sin is out in the open. Arthur Dimmesdale has the hardest time dealing with it because his sin is hidden to the outside world. Roger Chillingworth is the most affected by the sin, though he was not around when the sin took place. These characters, Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth have all committed a sin, but the way it affects their lives is very different. Hester was left alone by her husband, Chillingworth, for more then two years. She unwisely committed adultery with Dimmesdale and gave birth to a baby girl named Pearl. She confesses her sin in front of everyone and wears the scarlet letter as her punishment. Pearl and the scarlet letter are both daily reminders of her sin, and keep her from falling in to the devils hands again. She uses her sin to grow stronger and become a better person. She tells the magistrates, This badge has taught me- it daily teaches me(Hawthorne 102). With her sin being out in the open, it changes her for the better because she acknowledges her mistake, she learns from it, and she can move on. Many people from her town go to her for advice, and to talk of their problems with her. Such helpfulness was found in her- so much power to do and power to sympathize- that many people refused to interpret the scarlet A by its original signification. They said that it meant Able; so strong was Hester Prynne, with a wom ens strength (The Scarlet Letter). Dimmesdale has the hardest time with his sin because he does not admit it to everyone. It haunts him every day when he sees Pearl and Hester. He lies about it in order to seem holy in the eyes of the congregation. He is very weak and unable to speak the truth, although he pleads for Hester to speak for him when he says, I charge thee to speak out the name of thy fellow-sinner and fellow-sufferer! Be not silent from any mistaken pity and tenderness for him; for, believe me, Hester, though he were to step down from a high place, and stand there beside thee, on they pedestal of shame, yet better it were so, than to hide a guilty heart through life (63). She could not speak, and neither could he. Through the seven years that he kept his sin a secret, he grew very ill and they knew it was more of an illness to the soul then to the body. He tortured himself by whipping his own back. Every day he went up the stairs to give a sermon, he would try to speak of his sin, but everyday he walked b acked down those stairs without doing it. He cannot justify his sin, even on the grounds of his love for Hester. Finally he admits his guilt, right before he dies on the scaffold. Chillingworth is the worst sinner of all because he violates the sanctity of the human heart. He pretends to be Dimmesdales friend while he is actually probing his heart. Although at the beginning he is a good, kind, intelligent man, his real personality is engulfed by the revenge he wants for Dimmesdale. He holds no grudge against Hester or Pearl, but he wants to ruin Dimmesdales life by torturing him with the sin he is hiding. Demented by his thoughts of revenge and hate, Chillingworth is shown to be a devil by not being truthful to himself and others. Finally, for all the characters, Hawthornes novel illustrates how one sin can escalate to encompass
Friday, March 20, 2020
How to Read Literature Like a Professor (Study Questions) Essays
How to Read Literature Like a Professor (Study Questions) Essays How to Read Literature Like a Professor (Study Questions) Paper How to Read Literature Like a Professor (Study Questions) Paper Essay Topic: Literature *Introduction* *Introduction* 1. What is a Faustian bargain? Where did that phrase originate? The hero is offered something he wants in exchange for his soul (deal with the devil); Dr Faustist 2. What does Foster mean by the phrase language of reading? grammar 3. How does a literature professor read differently from a lay reader? Memory, symbols, patterns 4. What are the three items that separate the professorial reader from the rest of the crowd? Memory, symbols, patterns *Chapter 1: Every Trip is a Quest (Except When Its Not)* *Chapter 1: Every Trip is a Quest (Except When Its Not)* 1. What five things does a quest consist of? Quester, place to go, started reason, trials, real reason 2. What is the real reason for a quest (always)? Self knowledge 3. What is Fosters overall point about journeys or trips in literature? Everything is a quest *Chapter 2: Nice to Eat With You: Acts of Communion* *Chapter 2: Nice to Eat With You: Acts of Communion* 1. What does communion mean? Whenever people eat or drink together 2. For what reason does Foster suggest that authors often include meal scenes? Act of sharing and peace 3. What does a failed meal suggest in literature? Bad sign *Chapter 3: Nice to Eat You: Acts of Vampires* *Chapter 3: Nice to Eat You: Acts of Vampires* 1. What is literal vampirism? nasty old man (steals innocence) 2. What is symbolic vampirism? sucks life out of a person 3. What are the essentials of the vampire story and what do they represent? Older figure, young female/innocent, continuance of life force *Chapter 4: Now, Where Have I Seen Her Before?* *Chapter 4: Now, Where Have I Seen Her Before?* 1. What does Foster mean when he says that theres no such thing as a wholly original work of literature? Everything is inspired 2. What does Foster mean by the term intertextuality? Borrowing from other works of literature 3. What is the benefit, or value, of picking up on the parallels between works of literature? Structure meaning *Chapter 5: When in Doubt, Its from Shakespeare* *Chapter 5: When in Doubt, Its from Shakespeare* 1. Why do so many writers allude to Shakespeare? Easy way to find good stories 2. What are some of the ways that Shakespeare influences writers? It provides plot and language *Chapter 6:Or the Bible* *Chapter 6:Or the Bible* 1. Why is the Bible so often alluded to in literature? Everyone knows Bible stories 2. What are some of the ways that writers allude to the Bible? Plot, titles, motifs, characters, themes 3. Whats the benefit of knowing/understanding Bible allusions in literature? You can find the deeper meanings *Chapter 7: Hanseldee and Greteldum* *Chapter 7: Hanseldee and Greteldum* 1. Why do writers borrow from kiddie lit in their works? Readers can always relate 2. What are some of the ways writers allude to kiddie lit in their writings? Small known details *Chapter 8: Its Greek to Me* *Chapter 8: Its Greek to Me* 1. What does Foster mean by the term myth? Body of a story that matters 2. Why do writers allude to mythology? Stories are ingrained in society 3. What are some of the ways that writers allude to mythology? Components that parallel or represent a myth *Chapter 9: Its More Than Just Rain or Snow* *Chapter 9: Its More Than Just Rain or Snow* 1. How can weather be symbolic in literature? It could be shown as a new awakening (rain) or as a feeling of nothingness 2. How can weather serve as a plot device in literature? It can be used to force two characters together 3. What are some of the common meanings of various types of weather? Rain- Rainbow- Fog- Snow- Rain- cleansing; spring; new awakening Rainbow- divine promise; peace between heaven and earth Fog- misery; ability to not see clearly Snow- a blanket of cleansing; cozy; nothingness *Chapter 10: Never Stand Next To The Hero* *Chapter 10: Never Stand Next To The Hero* 1. What is the problem with being best pals with the hero? The hero always needs to learn some kind of lesson through the death of another character 2. What purpose does the death of a friend serve? to teach the hero a lesson they need to learn 3. Why are not all characters created equal? too much time, too long of a book, might get the wrong idea of a character *Chapter 11: More Than Its Gonna Hurt You: Concerning Violence* *Chapter 11: More Than Its Gonna Hurt You: Concerning Violence* 1. Why does violence occur in literature? basis of plot, interested, plot complications 2. What are the two categories of violence in literature? situational and authorial 3. What questions should a reader ask about the violence found in a piece of literature? misfortune represents famous / mythical resemble, why? 4. What are the four reasons that authors kill of characters in literature? make action, plot complications, end plot complications, put characters under stress *Chapter 12: Is That a Symbol?* *Chapter 12: Is That a Symbol?* 1. Whats the difference between symbolism and allegory? mean different thing / one thing 2. What impacts a readers understanding of symbolic meaning? better understanding 3. What, besides objects, can be symbolic? gesters, movements, emotions 4. How should a reader approach symbolism in a text? What questions should the reader ask of the text when trying to determine symbolic meaning? being aware, assumptions are good, recap/reread, remember *Chapter 13: Its All Political* *Chapter 13: Its All Political* 1. Foster asserts that, Nearly all writing is __________. political 2. In what ways do authors include social criticism in their writings? an underlying theme to get at political views the author may have 3. Why do authors include social criticism in their writings? to oppress the government not publicly 4. What are some of the common political issues that writers tackle? problems government is facing *Chapter 14: Yes, Shes a Christ Figure, Too* *Chapter 14: Yes, Shes a Christ Figure, Too* 1. What are the characteristics of a Christ figure? good with children, self-serving 2. Does a character need to resemble Christ in all ways to be considered a Christ figure? no 3. Why do writers use Christ figures? Jesus is iconic-> he has become a symbol *Chapter 15: Flights of Fancy* *Chapter 15: Flights of Fancy* 1. Why do so many writers toy with flight in their works? it is a culture shared fantasy 2. In what ways might flight be symbolic in literature? escape from reality / freedom 3. What is the symbolic deal with interrupted or failed flight? fear failure / actually failure 4. Does a character always have to actually fly in order for there to be flying in a piece of literature? Explain no, they may love or imagine *Chapter 16: Its All About Sex* *Chapter 16: Its All About Sex* 1. What are some of the things that symbolize sex and / or gender? chalice, swords, building, rolling hills 2. Why does sexual symbolism exist / occur in literature? because they could not right about it *Chapter 17: Except Sex* *Chapter 17: Except Sex* 1. Foster writes When theyre writing about other things, they really mean sex, and when they write about sex, they really mean something else. What are some of the other things that this scene means? freedom, sacrifice, domination / submission, birth, pleasure, espionage, enlightenment 2. Why dont writers usually write actual sex scenes? boring / more meaning *Chapter 18: If She Comes Up, Its Baptism* *Chapter 18: If She Comes Up, Its Baptism* 1. When and how is water symbolic of baptism in literature? start fresh and new 2. What does it mean when a character drowns? rebirth, revelation, violence / guilt, plot complication, being cleansed *Chapter 19: Geography Matters* *Chapter 19: Geography Matters* 1. How can geography reinforce theme? proving the proper tools for interactions with characters 2. How can geography define / develop character? the characters views can change 3. How can geography be character? by giving insight with discribtions 4. How can geography play an important plot role? by setting up an environment 5. What are some patterns of symbolism with regard to geography? going south- bad fog- unknown dark- evil 6. What does it mean when an author sends a character south? bad stuffs, encounters with subconsiance 7. How can a writers personal geography inform his / her work? geography surrounding the author effect his writing *Chapter 20: So Does Season* *Chapter 20: So Does Season* 1. What are the symbolic implications of each major season: spring, summer, fall, winter? spring- youth summer- adulthood fall- decline winter- death 2. What is the symbolic implication of the progression of season (from spring through winter)? circle of life *Chapter 21: Marked for Greatness* *Chapter 21: Marked for Greatness* 1. What might physical marks or imperfections symbolize? moral, psychological, emotional, and imperfections 2. How can landscapes be marked as well? What might it mean physical / spiritual setting have a role 3. Beyond the individual, what can imperfection or deformity indicate? foreshadow setting event and tell about past 4. What are some of the symbolic indications of monsters in literature? extreme physical markings or imperfections *Chapter 22: Hes Blind for a Reason, You Know* *Chapter 22: Hes Blind for a Reason, You Know* 1. What can physical blindness mirror? moral / intertextuality to love 2. What is often the irony behind a blind character? they can see truth 3. How are darkness and lightness related to sight? darkness- no truth lightness- truth *Chapter 23: Its Never Just Heart Disease And Rarely Just Illness* *Chapter 23: Its Never Just Heart Disease And Rarely Just Illness* 1. What are some of the symbolic possibilities associated with the heart? Why? heart attacks or a broken heart 2. What things make a prime literary disease? 1. picturesque 2. mysterious orgin 3. symbolic reason 3. What are some of the conventional symbolic meanings of various illnesses? Tuberculosis- a wasting disease Physical paralysis can mirror moral, social, spiritual, intellectual, political paralysis Malaria: means literally bad air with the attendant metaphorical possibilities. *Chapter 24: Dont Read with Your Eyes* *Chapter 24: Dont Read with Your Eyes* 1. Why did I italicize your in the chapter title, above to emphasize that youre supposed ot read through characters eyes 2. What is Fosters main point in this chapter? to put yourself in the storys setting 3. Do we have to accept the values of another culture to accept the impact those values had on the writing yes *Chapter 25: Its My Symbol and Ill Cry If I Want To* *Chapter 25: Its My Symbol and Ill Cry If I Want To* 1. What are symbols and how do they form? something with a second meaning 2. Symbols do not mean the same thing for everyone, so how do you figure out symbolism? some symbols are personal to a writer to readers can interpret what it means to them self *Chapter 26: Is He Serious? And Other Ironies* *Chapter 26: Is He Serious? And Other Ironies* 1. What does Foster mean when he says, Irony trumps everything? Irony changes everything -> the reader can no longer trust their instincts on what they think is supposed to happen 2. How can you tell if something is ironic? If you realize something didnt happen the way it was intended, you can consider it likely being ironic especially if the result is humorous or tragic 3. What does Foster mean when he says, Irony doesnt work for everyone? Irony only works if a reader can see if something is ironic or else the whole point of the writer making something ironic is pointless 4. There are three types of Irony in literature. verbal, situational / structural, dramatic Verbal irony- character says opposite of what is expected Situational / Structural irony- situation or event plays out in an opposite or abnormal way-not like expected Dramatic irony- audience / reader knows more than the character knows
Wednesday, March 4, 2020
Miguel de Cervantes, Influential Spanish Novelist
Miguel de Cervantes, Influential Spanish Novelist No name is more associated with Spanish literature- and perhaps with classic literature in general- than that of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. He was the author of El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha, which is sometimes referred to as the first European novel and which has been translated into nearly every major language, making it one of the most widely distributed books after the Bible. Cervantes Contribution to Literature Although few people in the English-speaking world have read Don Quijote in its original Spanish, it nevertheless has had its influence on the English language, giving us expressions such as the pot calling the kettle black, tilting at windmills, a wild-goose chase and the skys the limit. Also, our word quixotic originated from the name of the title character. (Quijote is often spelled as Quixote.) Despite his immense contributions to world literature, Cervantes never became wealthy as a result of his work, and not much is known about the early parts of his life. He was born in 1547 as the son of surgeon Rodrigo de Cervantes in Alcal de Henares, a small town near Madrid; it is believed that his mother, Leonor de Cortinas, was the descendant of Jews who had converted to Christianity. A Brief Biography of Cervantes As a young boy Cervantes moved from town to town as his father sought work; later he would study in Madrid under Juan Là ³pez de Hoyos, a well-known humanist, and in 1570 he went to Rome to study. Ever loyal to Spain, Cervantes joined a Spanish regiment in Naples and received a wound in a battle at Lepanco that permanently injured his left hand. As a result, he picked up the nickname of el manco de Lepanto (the cripple of Lepanco). His battle injury was only the first of Cervantes troubles. He and his brother Rodrigo were on a ship that was captured by pirates in 1575. It wasnt until five years later that Cervantes was released - but only after four unsuccessful escape attempts and after his family and friends raised 500 escudos, an enormous sum of money that would drain the family financially, as ransom. Cervantes first play, Los tratos de Argel (The Treatments of Algiers), was based on his experiences as a captive, as was the later Los baà ±os de Argel (The Baths of Algiers). In 1584 Cervantes married the much younger Catalina de Salazar y Palacios; they had no children, although he had a daughter from an affair with an actress. A few years later, Cervantes left his wife, faced severe financial difficulties, and was jailed at least three times (once as a murder suspect, although there was insufficient evidence to try him). He eventually settled in Madrid in 1606, shortly after the first part of Don Quijote was published. Although publication of the novel didnt make Cervantes rich, it eased his financial burden and gave him recognition and the ability to devote more time to writing. He published the second part of Don Quijote in 1615 and wrote dozens of other plays, short stories, novels, and poems (although many critics have little good to say about his poetry). Cervantes final novel was Los trabajos de Persiles y Sigismunda (The Exploits of Persiles and Sigismunda), published three days before his death on April 23, 1616. Coincidentally, Cervantes date of death is the same as William Shakespeares, although in reality Cervantes death came 10 days sooner because Spain and England used different calendars at the time. Quick - name a fictional character from a literary work written about 400 years ago. Since youre reading this page, you probably had little difficulty coming up with Don Quijote, the title character of Miguel de Cervantes famous novel. But how many others could you name? Except for characters developed by William Shakespeare, probably few or none. At least in Western cultures, Cervantes pioneering novel, El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha, is one of the few that has been popular for so long. It has been translated into nearly every major language, inspired some 40 motion pictures, and added words and phrases to our vocabulary. In the English-speaking world, Quijote is easily the most well-known literary figure who was the product of a non-English-speaking author in the past 500 years. Clearly, Quijotes character has endured, even if few people today read the entire novel except as a part of college coursework. Why? Perhaps it is because there is something in most of us that, like Quijote, cant always distinguish totally between reality and the imagination. Perhaps its because of our idealistic ambitions, and we like seeing someone continuing to strive despite the disappointments of reality. Perhaps its simply because we can laugh at a part of ourselves in the numerous humorous incidents that happen during Quijotes life. A Quick Look at Don Quixote Here is a brief overview of the novel that might give you some idea what to expect if you decide to tackle Cervantes monumental work: Plot Summary The title character, a middle-aged gentleman from the La Mancha region of Spain, becomes enchanted with the idea of chivalry and decides to seek adventure. Eventually, he is accompanied by a sidekick, Sancho Panza. With a dilapidated horse and equipment, together they seek glory, adventure, often in the honor of Dulcinea, Quijotes love. Quijote doesnt always act honorably, however, and neither do many of the other minor characters in the novel. Eventually Quijote is brought down to reality and dies shortly thereafter. Major Characters The title character, Don Quijote, is far from static; indeed, he reinvents himself several times. He often is a victim of his own delusions and undergoes metamorphoses as he gains or loses touch with reality. The sidekick, Sancho Panza, may be the most complex figure in the novel. Not particularly sophisticated, Panza struggles with his attitudes toward Quijote and eventually becomes his most loyal companion despite repeated arguments. Dulcinea is the character that is never seen, for she was born in Quijotes imagination (although modeled after a real person). Novel Structure Quijotes novel, while not the first novel written, nevertheless had little on which it could be modeled. Modern readers may find the episodic novel too long and redundant as well as inconsistent in style. Some of the novels quirks are intentional (in fact, some portions of the latter parts of the book were written in response to public comments on the portion that was published first), while others are products of the times. Reference: Proyecto Cervantes, Miguel de Cervantes 1547-1616, Hispanos Famosos. Quick Takeaways Miguel de Cervantes was one of the most influential writers of all times, writing the first major European novel and contributing to both the Spanish and English languages.Although known best for Don Quijote, Cervantes also wrote dozens of other novels, short stories, poems, and plays.The main characters of Don Quijote are the title character; his sidekick, Sancho Panza; and Dulcinea, who lives in Quijotes imagination.
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